Fluoroacetic acid
| Names | |
|---|---|
| Preferred IUPAC name
Fluoroacetic acid | |
Other names
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| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol)
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| 1739053 | |
| ChEBI | |
| ChEMBL | |
| ChemSpider | |
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| EC Number |
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| E number | Lua error in Module:Wikidata at line 880: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value). |
| 25730 | |
| KEGG | |
PubChem CID
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| RTECS number |
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| UNII | |
| UN number | 2642 |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
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| Properties | |
| FCH2CO2H | |
| Molar mass | 78.042 g·mol−1 |
| Appearance | White solid |
| Density | 1.369 g/cm3 |
| Melting point | 35.2 °C (95.4 °F; 308.3 K) |
| Boiling point | 165 °C (329 °F; 438 K) |
| Soluble in water and ethanol | |
| Acidity (pKa) | 2.586[contradictory] |
| Hazards | |
| Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH): | |
Main hazards
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Highly toxic and corrosive |
| GHS labelling: | |
| GHS05: CorrosiveGHS06: ToxicGHS09: Environmental hazard | |
| Danger | |
| H300, H314, H400 | |
| P260, P264, P270, P273, P280, P301+P310, P301+P330+P331, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P310, P321, P330, P363, P391, P405, P501 | |
| Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): | |
LD50 (median dose)
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7 mg/kg (rat, oral) |
| Related compounds | |
Related compounds
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Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Fluoroacetic acid is an organofluorine compound with the chemical formula FCH2CO2H. It is a colorless solid that is noted for its relatively high toxicity.[1] The conjugate base, fluoroacetate occurs naturally in at least 40 plants in Australia, Brazil, and Africa. It is one of only five known organofluorine-containing natural products.[2]
Toxicity
[edit | edit source]Fluoroacetic acid is a harmful metabolite of some fluorine-containing drugs (median lethal dose, LD50 = 10 mg/kg in humans). The most common metabolic sources of fluoroacetic acid are fluoroamines and fluoroethers. Fluoroacetic acid can disrupt the Krebs cycle.[3] The metabolite of fluoroacetic acid is fluorocitric acid, which is very toxic because it is not processable using aconitase in the Krebs cycle (where fluorocitrate takes place of citrate as the substrate). The enzyme is inhibited and the cycle stops working.[4]
In contrast with fluoroacetic acid, difluoroacetic acid and trifluoroacetic acid are far less toxic. Its pKa is 2.66[contradictory], in contrast to 1.24 and 0.23 for the respective di- and trifluoroacetic acid.[5]
Uses
[edit | edit source]Fluoroacetic acid is used to manufacture pesticides especially rodenticides such as sodium fluoroacetate (compound 1080). The overall market is projected to rise at a considerable rate during the forecast period, 2021 to 2027.[6]
See also
[edit | edit source]References
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