File:Alain Chapel.jpg

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Summary

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Media data and Non-free use rationale
Description Photograph of French chef Alain Chapel (died 1990).
Author or
copyright owner 		Unknown
Source (WP:NFCC#4) [1]
Date of publication Unknown
Use in article (WP:NFCC#7) Alain Chapel
Purpose of use in article (WP:NFCC#8) For visual identification of the person in question.
Not replaceable with
free media because (WP:NFCC#1) 		The subject is deceased, and there are no freely-licensed alternatives available. Therefore the creation of a free image is impossible.
Minimal use (WP:NFCC#3) The low-resolution copy of the image is only used once to visually identify the subject.
Respect for
commercial opportunities (WP:NFCC#2) 		The use of a low-resolution image of the image will not impact the commercial viability of the image.
Other information The subject of the photograph has been deceased since 1990.
  • The use of this image on Wikipedia is contended to be fair use, since it is used solely for educational purposes in a not-for-profit encyclopedia, is necessary for cultural and historical purposes, and the material value of the possible copyright is not believed to be lessened by its use here
  • It is believed that the use of this image on the English-language Wikipedia to illustrate an article on the person in question falls under the "Non-profit educational" clause of the Fair Use doctrine currently upheld by United States law. (17 U.S.C. § 107)
  • It is a low-resolution copy
  • It is only being used to illustrate the article in question
  • The image is irreplaceable; a free analogue is impossible to produce as the original will be covered by copyright for the foreseeable future
  • Owing to the limited web-resolution of the image, only a small portion of a copyrighted work is used
  • It does not limit the copyright owner's rights to sell the image in any way
  • For the same reasons, the portion of the copyrighted work used is of inherently lower quality than the original, reducing the risk of competitiveness and therefore the effects of this copy on the market for or value of versions held by the owner of the copyright
Fair useFair use of copyrighted material in the context of Alain Chapelhttp://70.231.62.181/index.php/File:Alain_Chapel.jpgtrue

Licensing

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File:NotCommons-emblem-copyrighted.svg
This photograph is copyrighted and is NOT under a free license. However, it is believed that the use of this work in the article "Alain Chapel":
  • to provide visual identification of one or more specific individual(s), or an identifiable gathering of them,
  • where the individual(s) concerned are deceased, or where access would for practical purposes be impossible,
  • and for whom there is no known representation under a 'free' license,
  • on the English-language Wikipedia, hosted on servers in the United States by the non-profit Wikimedia Foundation,

qualifies as fair use under United States copyright law. Any other uses of this image, on Wikipedia or elsewhere, may be copyright infringement. See Wikipedia:Non-free content and Wikipedia:Copyrights.

The following page uses this file:

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