Coordinates: 51°30′31″N 00°09′49″W / 51.50861°N 0.16361°W / 51.50861; -0.16361 (Hyde Park)

London to Brighton Veteran Car Run

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File:1903 De Dion Bouton Model Q.jpg
1903 De Dion Bouton Model Q

File:Le premier 'London-to-Brighton veteran car run' en novembre 1927 (pour véhicules de plus de trente ans) Clément-Panhard.jpg
The first run, in November 1927, only for vehicles over thirty years old.
File:Swift at London to Brighton Veteran Car Run 2005.jpg
Finish line of the London to Brighton Veteran Car Run, 2005

The London to Brighton Veteran Car Run is the world's longest-running motoring event, held on a course between London (Lua error in Module:Coordinates at line 489: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value).) and Brighton (Lua error: callParserFunction: function "#coordinates" was not found.), England. To qualify, participating cars must have been built before 1905. It is also the world's largest gathering of veteran cars.[a] The first edition, "The Emancipation Run" in 1896, celebrated the recently passed Locomotives on Highways Act 1896, which liberalised motor vehicle laws in the United Kingdom.

File:1902 Panhard et Levassor.jpg
Pre-1905 London to Brighton Rally automobile: 1902 Panhard et Levassor

The run has taken place most years since its initial revival in 1927. It currently takes place on the first Sunday in November, starting at sunrise, about 7:00 AM,[3] in Hyde Park, London, and mostly following the old A23 road to the finish at Brighton – a distance of 54 mi (87 km). There is one official stops along the way: Crawley (for coffee) and Preston Park (in a suburb of Brighton). Preston Park is the official finishing point; the cars then proceed to Madeira Drive on the seafront, the venue for Brighton's Official Finishing Point.

The event is organized on behalf of the Royal Automobile Club, who emphasise that the event is not a race – they do not even publish the order in which cars finish, and participants are not permitted to exceed an average speed of 20 mph (32 km/h). Any that finish before 4:30 PM are awarded a medal.

There are a few other events preceding the Veteran Car Run, such as the Motoring Forum, the Veteran Car Run Sale, a motor show, and a participant reception.[4]

History

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1896 Emancipation Run

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The first run took place on 14 November 1896, a wet Saturday.[5] Organised by Harry John Lawson,[6] it was named "The Emancipation Run" as a celebration of the recently passed Locomotives on Highways Act 1896, which had replaced the restrictive Locomotive Acts of 1861, 1865 and 1878 and increased the speed limit to 14 mph (23 km/h). Since 1878 the speed limit had been 4 mph (6.4 km/h) in the country and 2 mph (3.2 km/h) in the town and an escort had been required to walk 20 yd (18 m) ahead of the vehicle.[7] The run was also the first meet of the Motor Car Club, of which Lawson was president.

The event started with a breakfast at the Charing Cross Hotel, which included the symbolic tearing in two by Lord Winchelsea of a red flag.[5] It is sometimes claimed that the Emancipation Run celebrated the abandoning of the requirement for the escort to carry such a flag. However, the red flag requirement (from the 1865 act) had long since been removed by the 1878 act.[8]

The competitors gathered outside the Metropole Hotel (now the Corinthia Hotel London),[9] with the cars accompanied by a "flying escort" – estimated by one witness as "probably 10,000" – of pedal cyclists, recreational cycling having become popular with the English in the final decades of the 19th century.[5] A total of 33 motorists set off from London for the coast and 17 arrived in Brighton.[7] The first of the cars set off from London at 10:30 am and the first arrival in Brighton, by a Duryea Motor Wagon, beating the next closest Brighton arrivals by more than an hour.[5] Two Duryea cars participated in the run, marking the first appearance of American motor vehicles in Europe.[10] Louise Bazalgette, one of the earliest women motorists in Britain, was photographed at the start of the event on an Arnold motor car, with her friend Henry Hewetson.[11]

Subsequent runs

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During the next few years, Commemoration Run took place between Whitehall Place and Sheen House Club covering the distance of about 8 mi (13 km).[12] The London to Brighton run was not staged again until 1927. Since then it has run annually, except from the onset of the Second World War up to 1947 owing to petrol rationing, and in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. With all this considered, it is the world's longest running motoring event. Since 1930, the event has been controlled by the Royal Automobile Club (RAC).

Participants

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File:De Dion-Bouton Veteran Car on London to Brighton Run 2005.jpg
A veteran car nearing the end of the 2005 run in inclement weather

Many racing drivers and celebrities have taken part in the event, including Richard Shuttleworth (1928–1934; 1936–1938),[13] S. C. H. "Sammy" Davis, Sir Malcolm Campbell,[14] Prince Bira,[15] George Eyston, Richard Seaman, Kaye Don,[16] George Formby, Phil Hill,[17] Stirling Moss, Jochen Mass,[18] Nigel Mansell[19] and Damon Hill[20]

The 72nd anniversary run took place in 1968 and was joined by celebrity participants Prince Rainier and Princess Grace of Monaco, in a 1903 De Dion-Bouton.[21] That year Stirling Moss also participated, driving a 1903 four-cylinder Mercedes.[21]

Some participants dress up in a late Victorian or Edwardian style of clothing. In 1971 Queen Elizabeth II was a passenger in a 1900 Daimler.[22] A regular participant is Prince Michael of Kent.

RAC Brighton to London Future Car Challenge

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In 2010 the RAC launched the Brighton to London Future Car Challenge, following the same route as the veteran car run, but starting in Brighton and finishing at Regent Street, London – and taking place on the day prior to the veteran run. The event is intended to showcase low energy impact vehicles of various technologies – Electric, Hybrid and Low-Emission ICE (internal combustion engine). Participants compete to minimise energy consumption using "road legal" vehicles in "real world" conditions.

The results of the inaugural 2010 event showed that the electric vehicles used the least energy (0.62 MJ/km (950 BTU/mi) on average, or 141 mpg‑imp (2.00 L/100 km; 117 mpg‑US) petrol equivalent), compared to the hybrid vehicles (1.14 MJ/km (1,740 BTU/mi) average, 76 mpg‑imp (3.7 L/100 km; 63 mpg‑US) petrol equivalent) and the largely diesel powered internal combustion engine vehicles (1.68 MJ/km (2,560 BTU/mi) average, 52 mpg‑imp (5.4 L/100 km; 43 mpg‑US) petrol equivalent).[23]

1896 results

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The event was not organised as a race, but the general classification of the fastest finishers was:[24][better source needed]

Rank Driver Car Type Time
hours:m:s		 Speed Note
1 Léon Bollée Léon Bollée Automobiles 3 hp tricycle, tandem 2-seater, petrol 3:44:35 13.91 mph (22.39 km/h)
2 Camille Bollée Léon Bollée Automobiles 3 hp tricycle, tandem 2-seater, petrol 4:00:20
3 Charles Duryea Duryea 2 seater, petrol
4 Henry Finch-Hatton Panhard & Levassor 4 hp, 1896, 4 seat, oil 5:01:10
5 Otto Mayer Panhard & Levassor 4 hp, 1895, 2 seat, petrol 6:07:30
6 Émile Mayade Panhard & Levassor 8 hp, 1896, phaeton 4 seater, petrol 6:08:15
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See also

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Notes

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  1. ^ 443 cars started the event in 2005, and 484 in 2009,[1] compared to 37 starters in 1927, 51 starters in 1930, and 131 in 1938.[2]

References

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  1. ^ Motor Sport, January 2010, Page 113.
  2. ^ The Manchester Guardian, 24 November 1930, Page 9; The Scotsman, 15 November 1938, Page 14.
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  10. ^ Automobile Manufacturers Association Inc., Automobiles of America, Wayne State University Press, Detroit, 1968, Page 18.
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  13. ^ Kevin Desmond, Richard Shuttleworth: An Illustrated Biography, Jane’s Publishing Co Ltd., 1982, Pages 187–189.
  14. ^ The Manchester Guardian, 16 November 1931, Page 5.
  15. ^ The Manchester Guardian, 16 November 1936, Page 13.
  16. ^ The Observer, 20 November 1938, Page 23.
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  18. ^ The Manchester Guardian, 2 November 1953, Page 2.
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  22. ^ The Guardian, 25 August 1971, Page 5.
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