List of art media
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Media, or mediums, are the core types of material (or related other tools) used by an artist, composer, designer, etc. to create a work of art.[1] For example, a visual artist may broadly use the media of painting or sculpting, which themselves have more specific media within them, such as watercolor paints or marble.
The following is a list of artistic categories and the media used within each category:
Architecture
[edit | edit source]Carpentry
[edit | edit source]Ceramics
[edit | edit source]Drawing
[edit | edit source]Common drawing materials
[edit | edit source]Common supports (surfaces) for drawing
[edit | edit source]Common drawing tools and methods
[edit | edit source]Electronic
[edit | edit source]- Graphic art software and 3D computer graphics
- Word processors and desktop publishing software
- Digital photography and digital cinematography
- Specialized input devices (e.g. variable pressure sensing tablets and touchscreens)
- Digital printing
- Programming languages
- Video games
Film
[edit | edit source]Film, as a form of mass communication, is itself also considered a medium in the sense used by fields such as sociology and communication theory (see also mass media). These two definitions of medium, while they often overlap, are different from one another: television, for example, utilizes the same types of artistic media as film, but may be considered a different medium from film within communication theory.[2]
Food
[edit | edit source]A chef's tools and equipment, including ovens, stoves, grills, and griddles. Specialty equipment may be used, including salamanders, French tops, woks, tandoors, and induction burners.
Glass
[edit | edit source]Glassblowing, Glass fusing, colouring and marking methods.
Installation
[edit | edit source]Installation art is a site-specific form of sculpture that can be created with any material. An installation can occupy a large amount of space, create an ambience, transform/disrupt the space, exist in the space. One way to distinguish an installation from a sculpture (this may not apply to every installation) is to try to imagine it in a different space. If the objects present difficulties in a different space than the original, it is probably an installation.
Literature
[edit | edit source]Traditional writing media
[edit | edit source]- Digital word processor
- Internet websites
- Letterpress printing
- Computer printers
- Marker
- Pen and ink or quill
- Pencil
Common bases for writing
[edit | edit source]Natural world
[edit | edit source]Painting
[edit | edit source]Common paint media
[edit | edit source]- Acrylic paint
- Blacklight paint
- Encaustic paint
- Fresco
- Gesso
- Glaze
- Gouache
- Ink
- Latex paint
- Oil paint
- Primer
- Ink wash (sumi-e)
- Tempera or poster paint
- Vinyl paint (toxic/poisonous)[clarification needed]
- Vitreous enamel
- Watercolor
Uncommon paint media
[edit | edit source]Supports for painting
[edit | edit source]- Architectural structures
- Canvas
- Ceramics
- Cloth
- Glass
- Human body (typically for tattoos)
- Metal
- Paper
- Paperboard
- Vellum
- Wall
- Wood
Common tools and methods
[edit | edit source]- Action painting
- Aerosol paint
- Airbrush
- Batik
- Brush
- Cloth
- Paint roller or paint pad
- Palette knife
- Sponge
- Pencil
- Finger
Mural techniques
[edit | edit source]Muralists use many of the same media as panel painters, but due to the scale of their works, use different techniques. Some such techniques include:
Graphic narrative media
[edit | edit source]Comics creators use many of the same media as traditional painters.
Performing arts
[edit | edit source]The performing arts are a form of entertainment that may be created by the artist's own body, face, and presence as a medium. There are many genres of performance; dance, theatre and re-enactment are a few examples. Performance art is a performance that may not present a conventional formal linear narrative.[clarification needed]
Photography
[edit | edit source]In photography, a photosensitive surface is used to capture an optical still image, usually utilizing a lens to focus light. Some photographic media include:
- Digital image sensor
- Photographic film
- Potassium dichromate
- Potassium ferricyanide and ferric ammonium citrate
- Silver nitrate
Printmaking
[edit | edit source]In the art of printmaking, "media" tends to refer to the technique used to create a print. Common media include:
- Aquatint
- Collotype
- Computer printing
- Dye-sublimation printer
- Inkjet printer (sometimes called giclée printing)
- Laser printer
- Solid ink printer
- Thermal printer
- Embossing
- Engraving
- Etching
- Intaglio (printmaking)
- Letterpress (literature)
- Linocut
- Lithography
- Mezzotint
- Moku hanga
- Monotype
- Offset printing
- Photographic printing
- Planographic printing
- Printing press
- Relief printing
- Screen-printing
- Woodblock printing
Sculpture
[edit | edit source]In sculpting, a solid structure and textured surface is shaped or combined using substances and components, to form a three-dimensional object. The size of a sculptured work can be built very big and could be considered as architecture, although more commonly a large statue or bust, and can be crafted very small and intricate as jewellery, ornaments and decorative reliefs.
Materials
[edit | edit source]Carving media
[edit | edit source]Casting media
[edit | edit source]Modeling media
[edit | edit source]Assembled media
[edit | edit source]- Beads
- Corrugated fiberboard (cardboard)
- Edible material
- Foil
- Found objects
- Glue and other adhesives
- Paperboard
- Textile
- Wire
- Wood
Finishing materials
[edit | edit source]Tools
[edit | edit source]Sound
[edit | edit source]The art of sound can be singular or a combination of speech or objects and crafted instruments, to create sounds, rhythms and music for a range of sonic hearing purposes. See also music and sound art.
Technical products
[edit | edit source]The use of technical products as an art medium is a merging of applied art and science, that may involve aesthetics, efficiency and ergonomics using various materials.
Textiles
[edit | edit source]In the art of textiles a soft and flexible material of fibers or yarn is formed by spinning wool, flax, cotton, or other material on a spinning wheel and crocheting, knitting, macramé (knotting), weaving, or pressing fibres together (felt) to create a work.
See also
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- Collage
- Conceptual art
- Decorative arts
- Design tool
- Fashion design
- Fine art
- Fire performance
- Fresco
- Graffiti
- Graphic arts
- Liberal arts
- List of pen types, brands and companies
- Medium specificity
- Mixed media
- Multimedia
- New materials in 20th-century art
- Plastic arts
- Publishing
- Pyrotechnics
- Recording medium
- Stationery
- Video game art
References
[edit | edit source]External links
[edit | edit source]- Media (artists' materials) — definition from the Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus.
- Artistic Medium, Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy
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