Chácobo language
(Redirected from Capuibo language)
This article should specify the language of its non-English content using {{lang}} or {{langx}}, {{transliteration}} for transliterated languages, and {{IPA}} for phonetic transcriptions, with an appropriate ISO 639 code. Wikipedia's multilingual support templates may also be used - notably cao for Chácobo. (November 2025) |
| Chácobo | |
|---|---|
| Native to | Bolivia |
| Region | Beni Department |
| Ethnicity | 1,100 Chacobo (2006), possibly 50 Pacahuara (2007)[1] |
Native speakers | (600 cited 2000–2007)[1] |
Panoan
| |
| Official status | |
Official language in | File:Flag of Bolivia.svg Bolivia |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | cao |
| Glottolog | chac1251 |
| ELP | Lua error in Module:Endangered_Languages_Project at line 21: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value). |
Chácobo is a Panoan language spoken by about 550 of 860 Chácobo people of the Beni Department northwest of Magdalena, Bolivia. Chácobo children are learning the language as a first language, but the Pakawara dialect is moribund.[2] Karipuna may have been a variant; alternative names for it are Jaunavô (Jau-Navo, Jaũn Àvo) and Éloe.[3]
Several unattested extinct languages were reported to have been related, perhaps dialects. These include Capuibo and Sinabo/Shinabo of the Mamoré River. However, nothing is actually known of these purported languages.[4]
Phonology
[edit | edit source]Consonants
[edit | edit source]| Bilabial | Alveolar | Retroflex | Post-alv./ Palatal |
Velar | Glottal | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | m | n | ||||
| Stop | p | t | k | ʔ | ||
| Affricate | t͡s | t͡ʃ | ||||
| Fricative | β | s | ʂ | ʃ | h | |
| Tap | ɽ | |||||
| Approximant | w | j |
- Sounds /t͡ʃ, ʃ/ may also be heard as palatalized [t͡ʃʲ, ʃʲ] when before vowels in free variation.
- /k/ may be heard as a voiced fricative [ɣ] when in between the positions of /ɨ/.
- /t͡ʃ/ assimilates to a retroflex [t͡ʂ] when /ʂ/ is in the following syllable.
- /n/ can be heard as [ɲ] as a realization of the sequence /ni/.
Vowels
[edit | edit source]| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| High | i | ɨ | o |
| Mid | |||
| Low | a |
- /o/ may be heard as [u] when occurring within the environment of high vowels.[5]
Vocabulary
[edit | edit source]Some Chácobo words are given below.[6]
Numerals
[edit | edit source]| Chácobo | Gloss |
|---|---|
| nicatsu | 1 |
| dafuira | 2 |
| unamarana | 3 |
| atchayuna | 4 |
| chayuna | 5 |
Pronouns
[edit | edit source]| Chácobo | Gloss |
|---|---|
| hiasro | I |
| miani | you |
| zonihua | he/she/it/they |
| noquirzo | we |
| zunimato | you (pl.) |
Vocabulary
[edit | edit source]| Chácobo | Gloss |
|---|---|
| chii | fire |
| huisruhuaina | rain |
| jini | water |
| mai | earth |
| oriquiti | food |
| osse | moon |
| rsepo | chicha |
| rsiqui | maize |
| vari | sun |
| vistima | star |
References
[edit | edit source]- ^ a b Chácobo at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ Distinguish Karipuna language (Rondônia), a Tupian language, across the border in Brazil
- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- '^ Montaño Aragon, M. Guía etnográfica lingüística de Bolivia' La Paz: Editorial Don Bosco, 1987
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External links
[edit | edit source]- Lenguas de Bolivia Archived 2019-09-04 at the Wayback Machine (online edition)
- New Testament in Chácobo
- Chácobo (Intercontinental Dictionary Series)
- Pacahuara (Intercontinental Dictionary Series)
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