1,2,4-Butanetriol trinitrate

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1,2,4-Butanetriol trinitrate
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C=black, H=white, O=red, N=blue
Names
Preferred IUPAC name
Butane-1,2,4-triyl trinitrate
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
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EC Number
  • 229-697-1
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UNII
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  • InChI=1S/C4H7N3O9/c8-5(9)14-2-1-4(16-7(12)13)3-15-6(10)11/h4H,1-3H2 checkY
    Key: RDLIBIDNLZPAQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N checkY
  • InChI=1/C4H7N3O9/c8-5(9)14-2-1-4(16-7(12)13)3-15-6(10)11/h4H,1-3H2
    Key: RDLIBIDNLZPAQD-UHFFFAOYAH
  • O=[N+]([O-])OC(CCO[N+]([O-])=O)CO[N+](=O)[O-]
Properties
C4H7N3O9
Molar mass 241.11 g/mol
Density 1.52 g/cm3
Melting point −27 °C
Boiling point 230 °C (446 °F; 503 K) (explosion temperature)
Hazards
GHS labelling:
GHS01: ExplosiveGHS06: ToxicGHS08: Health hazardGHS09: Environmental hazard
Danger
H200, H300, H310, H330, H373, H411
P201, P202, P260, P262, P264, P270, P271, P273, P280, P281, P284, P301+P310, P302+P350, P304+P340, P310, P314, P320, P321, P322, P330, P361, P363, P372, P373, P380, P391, P401, P403+P233, P405, P501
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).

1,2,4-Butanetriol trinitrate (BTTN), also called butanetriol trinitrate, is an important military propellant. It is a colorless to brown explosive liquid.[1]

BTTN is used as a propellant in virtually all single-stage missiles used by the United States, including the Hellfire.[2] It is less volatile, less sensitive to shock, and more thermally stable than nitroglycerine,[3] for which it is a promising replacement.[4]

BTTN as a propellant is often used in a mixture with nitroglycerin.[3] The mixture can be made by co-nitration of butanetriol and glycerol.[5] BTTN is also used as a plasticizer in some nitrocellulose-based propellants.[6]

BTTN is manufactured by nitration of 1,2,4-butanetriol.[7] Biotechnological manufacture of butanetriol is under intensive research.[8]

References

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