Voiced bilabial implosive
(Redirected from Bilabial implosive)
| Voiced bilabial implosive | |
|---|---|
| ɓ | |
| IPA number | 160 |
| Encoding | |
| Entity (decimal) | ɓ |
| Unicode (hex) | U+0253 |
| X-SAMPA | b_< |
| Braille | ⠦ (braille pattern dots-236)⠃ (braille pattern dots-12) |
A voiced bilabial implosive is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ⟨ɓ⟩.
Features
[edit | edit source]Features of a voiced bilabial implosive:
- Its manner of articulation is occlusive, which means it is produced by obstructing airflow in the vocal tract. Since the consonant is also oral, with no nasal outlet, the airflow is blocked entirely, and the consonant is a plosive.
- Its place of articulation is bilabial, which means it is articulated with both lips.
- Its phonation is voiced, which means the vocal cords vibrate during the articulation.
- It is an oral consonant, which means that air is not allowed to escape through the nose.
- Because the sound is not produced with airflow over the tongue, the median–lateral dichotomy does not apply.
- The airstream mechanism is implosive (glottalic ingressive), which means it is produced by pulling air in by pumping the glottis downward. Since it is voiced, the glottis is not completely closed, but allows a pulmonic airstream to escape through it.
Occurrence
[edit | edit source]| Language | Word | IPA | Meaning | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Akatek | p'eyp'al | [ɓejɓal] | 'the walking (thing)' | ||
| Balanta-Ganja | ɓaara? | [ɓaːra]? | 'heron' | Possible allophone for /b/.[1] | |
| Ega[2] | [ɓá] | 'send away' | |||
| English | Southern American[3] | body | [ɓʌdi] | 'body' | Possible realization of word-initial /b/.[3] See English phonology |
| Fula[4] | fulɓe 𞤆𞤵𞤤𞤩𞤫 |
[fulɓe] | 'Fulbe person' (g.) | ||
| Goemai | ḅas | [ɓas] | 'to fetch' | ||
| Hausa | ɓaɓewa / ݑَݑٜىٰوَا | [ɓaɓɛua] | 'quarreling' | ||
| Hindi[5] | ॿआल | [ɓaːl] | 'child' (transliteration of Saraiki ٻال) | Used to transcribe implosives from Saraiki and Sindhi. | |
| Jamaican Patois[6] | beat | [ɓiːt] | 'beat' | Allophone of /b/ in the onset of prominent syllables. | |
| Kalabari[7] | ḅá | [ɓá] | 'kill' | ||
| Khmer | បារាំង / barăng | [ɓaːraŋ] | noun: 'France' adjective: 'French' |
See Khmer phonology | |
| Konso[8] | bad | [ɓaɗ] | 'to hide' | ||
| Kwaza | bura | [ɓuɾa] | 'put [the] hat on!' | ||
| Latundê[9] | [ˌɓa:ˈnãn] | '(they) are two' | One of the possible realisations of /p/.[9] | ||
| Mayan | Yucatec | balam | [ɓalam] | 'jaguar' | |
| Mam | qanbʼax | [qamɓaʂ] | 'foot' | ||
| Mono[10] | ‘balœ | [ɓálə́] | 'at' | ||
| Punjabi | Dialectal | ਬੱਕਰੀ / بکری | [ˈɓək.krɪ] | 'goat' | |
| Paumarí[11] | 'bo'da | [ɓoɗa] | 'old' | ||
| Saraiki[12] | ٻال | [ɓɑː.l] | 'child' | ||
| Sindhi | ٻر | [ɓaˑrʊ] | |||
| Serer[13] | ɓood/ ࢠࣷودْ | [ɓoːd] | 'to crawl' | Contrasts /ɓ̥, ɗ̥, ʄ̊, ɓ, ɗ, ʄ/. | |
| Southern Nambikwara[14] | [ɓa̰h] | 'ask excuse' | One of the possible realisations of /p/.[14] | ||
| Shona | baba | [ɓàːɓá] | 'father' | ||
| Tera[15] | ɓala | [ɓala] | 'to talk' | Contrasts phonemically with palatalized implosive, /ɓʲ/. | |
| Tukang Besi | [aɓa] | 'previous' | |||
| Vietnamese[16] | bạn | [ɓan̪˧ˀ˨ʔ] | 'you' | See Vietnamese phonology | |
| Standard Zhuang | lajmbwn | [la̋ːɓɯ̌n] | 'world' | ||
| Zulu | ubaba | [úˈɓàːɓá] | 'my father' | ||
See also
[edit | edit source]Notes
[edit | edit source]- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ Connell, Ahoua & Gibbon (2002:100)
- ^ a b Wells (1982:489)
- ^ Keer (1999:82)
- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ Devonish & Harry (2004:456)
- ^ Harry (2003:113)
- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ a b Telles (2013:298)
- ^ Olson (2004:233)
- ^ Everett (2003:23)
- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ Mc Laughlin (2005:203)
- ^ a b Netto (2018:105, 106)
- ^ Tench (2007:228)
- ^ Thompson (1959:458–461)
References
[edit | edit source]- Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
