Besleney
Беслъэнейхэр | |
|---|---|
| File:Къанэкъу-01.svg File:Circassian flag.svg The tamga of the Kanoqo princely dynasty of the Besleney and the Circassian flag | |
| Languages | |
| Circassian (Besleney Kabardian dialect), Turkish, Russian | |
| Religion | |
| Islam (Sunni Islam) |
The Besleney (Circassian: Беслъэней, Kabardian pronunciation: [basɬənəj]; Russian: Бесленеевцы) are one of the twelve major Circassian tribes, representing one of the twelve stars on the green-and-gold Circassian flag.[1] By character, culture and language, the Besleney are closest to Kabardians.[2] The noble families of the Besleney were Kanoko and Shaloho, ancestors of Kabardian Prince Beslan, (the son of legendary Prince Inal),[3] who established his own tribe of the same name.
Population
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The majority of the Besleney live in the valley of Bolshaya and Malaya Laba Rivers and on the bank of Urup in the Russian Republics of Karachay-Cherkessia, Krasnodar Krai and Adygea.[4] They also extend to the valleys of Chetem, Fars, Psefir, Kuban (Western Circassia).
Language
[edit | edit source]
The Besleney people speak the Besleney sub-dialect (Adyghe: Бэслъыныйбзэ) of the Kabardian Adyghe dialect (East Circassian). However, because the Besleney tribe lived at the center of Circassia, the Besleney dialect also shares a large number of features with dialects of the West Adyghe dialect. Like the Adyghe Shapsug sub-dialect, there exist a palatalized voiced velar plosive [ɡʲ], a palatalized voiceless velar plosive [kʲ] and a palatalized velar ejective [kʲʼ], which were merged to [d͡ʒ], [t͡ʃ] and [t͡ʃʼ] in other Circassian dialects.[5] The Besleney dialect also has an alveolar lateral ejective affricate [t͡ɬʼ], which corresponds to an alveolar lateral ejective fricative [ɬʼ] in most other varieties of Circassian.[6] The Besleney dialect has a voiceless glottal fricative [h] that corresponds to [x] in other Circassian dialects.[7]
| Meaning | Besleney sub-dialect | Standard Kabardian | Standard Adyghe | Shapsug sub-dialect | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cyrillic | IPA | Cyrillic | IPA | Cyrillic | IPA | Cyrillic | IPA | |
| horse | чъы | [t͡ʂɘ] | шы | [ʃɘ] | шы | [ʃɘ] | шы | [ʃɘ] |
| sister | чъыпхъу | [t͡ʂɘpχʷ] | шыпхъу | [ʃɘpχʷ] | шыпхъу | [ʃɘpχʷ] | шыпхъу | [ʃɘpχʷ] |
| wedding | нысачъэ | [nɘsaːt͡ʂɐ] | нысашэ | [nɘsaːʃɐ] | нысашэ | [nɘsaːʃɐ] | нысашэ | [nɘsaːʃɐ] |
| day | махуэ | [maːxʷɐ] | махуэ | [maːxʷɐ] | мафэ | [maːfɐ] | мафэ | [maːfɐ] |
| black | фӏыцӏэ | [fʼɘt͡sʼɐ] | фӏыцӏэ | [fʼɘt͡sʼɐ] | шӏуцӏэ | [ʃʷʼɘt͡sʼɐ] | шӏусӏэ | [ʃʷʼɘsʼɐ] |
| shirt, dress | гьанэ | [ɡʲaːnɐ] | джанэ | [d͡ʒaːnɐ] | джанэ | [d͡ʒaːnɐ] | гьанэ | [ɡʲaːnɐ] |
| tree | джыг | [d͡ʒɘɣ] | жыг | [ʒɘɣ] | чъыгы | [t͡ʂɘɡɘ] | чъыгы | [t͡ʃɘɣɘ] |
| four | птлӏы | [pt͡ɬʼɘː] | плӏы | [pɬʼɘː] | плӏы | [pɬʼɘː] | плӏы | [pɬʼɘː] |
| man | тлӏы | [t͡ɬʼɘː] | лӏы | [ɬʼɘː] | лӏы | [ɬʼɘː] | лӏы | [ɬʼɘː] |
| chicken | гьэд | [gɐd] | джэд | [d͡ʒɐd] | чэты | [t͡ʃɐtɘ] | кьэт | [kʲɐt] |
| tail, seed | кӏьэ | [kʲʼɐ] | кӏэ | [t͡ʃʼɐ] | кӏэ | [t͡ʃʼɐ] | кӏьэ | [kʲʼɐ] |
| young man, boy | кӏалэ | [t͡ʃʼaːlɐ] | щӏалэ | [ɕʼaːɮɐ] | кӏалэ | [t͡ʃʼaːɮɐ] | кӏалэ | [t͡ʃʼaːlɐ] |
| new | кӏэ | [t͡ʃʼɐ] | щӏэ | [ɕʼɐ] | кӏэ | [t͡ʃʼɐ] | кӏэ | [t͡ʃʼɐ] |
See also
[edit | edit source]- East Adyghe dialect
- West Adyghe dialect
- Other Circassian tribes
- Rescue of Leningrad Jewish children in Beslenei
References
[edit | edit source]- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ John Colarusso. A Grammar of the Kabardian Language University of Calgary Press, 1992. p. 12. Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value). "This highly divergent dialect..."
- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ James Stuart Olson, et al., eds. "Adyghe".An Ethnohistorical Dictionary of the Russian and Soviet Empires. Greenwood Publishing, 1994. p. 15. Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value). "The Beslenei (Beslenej) are located between the upper Urup and Khozdya rivers, and along the Middle Laba River, in the western reaches of the North Caucasus."
- ^ Консонантная система уляпского говора в сопоставлении с аналогами других диалектов адыгских языков (in Russian)
- ^ UCLA Phonetics Lab Archive - Recording Details for Kabardian Baslanei dialect. In the first word list called kbd_word-list_1970_01.html the words "man" and "quarter" are pronounced as /t͡ɬʼə/ and /pt͡ɬʼaːna/ compare to Standard Kabardian /ɬʼə/ and /pɬʼaːna/
- ^ Консонантная система уляпского говора в сопоставлении с аналогами других диалектов адыгских языков (in Russian)
External links
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