Galium
| Galium | |
|---|---|
| File:Flowers February 2008-4.jpg | |
| Flowers of Galium aparine | |
| Scientific classification Edit this classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Asterids |
| Order: | Gentianales |
| Family: | Rubiaceae |
| Subfamily: | Rubioideae |
| Tribe: | Rubieae |
| Genus: | Galium L. |
| Diversity | |
| c. 650, see text | |
Galium is a large genus of annual and perennial herbaceous plants in the family Rubiaceae, occurring in the temperate zones of both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. Some species are informally known as bedstraw.[1]
Over 600 species of Galium are described,[2] with estimates of 629[3] to 650[4] as of 2013. The field madder, Sherardia arvensis, is a close relative and may be confused with a tiny bedstraw. Asperula is also a closely related genus; some species of Galium (such as woodruff, G. odoratum) are occasionally placed therein.
Genetic variability
[edit | edit source]The phenotypic plasticity and genetic variability of this species allows it to be constantly shifting to best fit its environment, adjusting lifecycles, seed germination, productivity, growth form, freezing tolerance, etc.[5] Herbicides at the recommended amount are not effective enough to decrease catchweed bedstraw biomass or population, twice the amount is needed.[6]
As invasive species
[edit | edit source]Cattle and other livestock do not often feed on this plant, making it thrive and dominating over other species. G. mollugo in particular, is a thriving invasive species, since it can dominate in areas where other alien species would not be able to, growing very fast in best conditions.[7]
See also
[edit | edit source]References
[edit | edit source]- ^ Galium. USDA PLANTS.
- ^ Galium. Flora of China.
- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ Galium. The Jepson eFlora 2013.
- ^ Taylor, K. (1999), Galium aparine L.. Journal of Ecology, 87: 713-730. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2745.1999.00381.x
- ^ Mennan, H., Streibig, J. C., Ngouajio, M., & Cankaya, S. (2011). Response of two catchweed bedstraw (Galium aparine) populations to post-emergence herbicides in winter wheat. International Journal of Pest Management, 57(4), 347–356. https://doi.org/10.1080/09670874.2011.622085
- ^ The biology of Canadian weeds. 121. Galium mollugo L. D. Mersereau and A. DiTommaso Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA 14853, 2002
External links
[edit | edit source]- Error creating thumbnail: File missing Media related to Lua error in Module:Commons_link at line 62: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value). at Wikimedia Commons
- World Checklist of Rubiaceae
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