Battle at The Lizard
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The Battle at The Lizard (French: Combat du Cap Lézard) took place on 21 October 1707 during the War of the Spanish Succession near Lizard Point, Cornwall between two French squadrons under René Duguay-Trouin and Claude de Forbin and a British convoy protected by a squadron under Commodore Richard Edwards.[3] Duguay-Trouin and Forbin were two of the most successful French naval commanders and they caused much damage to the British merchant fleet.
Battle
[edit | edit source]On 20 October 1707 a large merchant fleet consisting of 80 to 130 British merchantmen left Plymouth for Portugal with supplies for the war in Spain. The fleet was escorted by a squadron of five ships of the line under Commodore Richard Edwards. The next day near Lizard Point they were spotted by 2 French squadrons of 6 ships each. Technically Forbin was the senior French officer, but Duguay-Trouin was the more aggressive, and his ships led the attack and suffered most of the damage, after Forbin had discovered the British convoy.
This battle was almost a complete victory for the French; the 80-gun Cumberland and the 50-guns Chester and Ruby were taken, but Royal Oak escaped into Kinsale with a few merchantmen. The 80-gun Devonshire defended herself for several hours against seven French ships until she caught fire and blew up, only three men escaping out of 500.[4]
There is no unanimity on the number of merchantmen captured. French sources speak of 60 ships out of 80, some British sources speak of none at all. The fact that René Duguay-Trouin and Claude de Forbin quarrelled for many years about which of the two squadrons had the biggest role in the victory, points to a considerable number of ships captured. Probably the truth is somewhere in between: Polak in "Bibliographie maritime française" speaks of 15 merchantmen captured.
Order of battle
[edit | edit source]Britain (Edwards)
[edit | edit source]
| Ship | Guns | Commander | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cumberland | 80 | Commodore Richard Edwards | Surrendered to Lys |
| Devonshire | 80 | Captain John Watkins † | Exploded, three survivors |
| Royal Oak | 76 | Captain Baron Wylde | Escaped to Kinsale |
| Chester | 50 | Captain John Balchen | Surrendered to Jason |
| Ruby | 50 | Captain the Hon. Peregrine Bertie | Surrendered to Amazone |
France (Forbin)
[edit | edit source]| Ship | Guns | Commander | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mars | 54 | Rear-Admiral Claude de Forbin | |
| Blackwall | 54 | Captain Jean Alexandre de Tourouvre | Lost bowsprit in collision with Devonshire |
| Salisbury | 52 | Captain Kerlo de l'Isle | |
| Protée | 48 | Captain the Comte de Illiers | |
| Jersey | 46 | Captain François Cornil Bart | |
| Griffon | 44 | Captain the Comte de Nangis | |
| Dauphine | 44 | Captain the Comte de Roquefeuil | |
| Fidèle | 44 | Captain Hennequin | |
| Dryade | 32 | Captain Joris van Crombrugghe |
France (Duguay-Trouin)
[edit | edit source]| Ship | Guns | Commander | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lys | 72 | Captain René Duguay-Trouin | |
| Achille | 64 | Captain the Chevalier de Beauharnois | Lost bowsprit in collision with Royal Oak Poopdeck destroyed in cartridge explosion |
| Jason | 54 | Captain the Chevalier de Coursérac | |
| Maure | 50 | Captain Thomas Auguste Moinerie-Miniac | |
| Amazone | 40 | Lieutenant Joseph de Nesmond de Brie | |
| Gloire | 38 | Captain the Chevalier de La Jaille | Lost bowsprit in collision with Lys |
Notes
[edit | edit source]- ^ a b c Bodart 1908, p. 157.
- ^ Grant 2017, p. 398.
- ^ Allen p. 103
- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
References
[edit | edit source]- Allen, Joseph. Battles of the British Navy: from A.D. 1000 to 1840. Bell & Daldy publishing (1872) ASIN: B00087UD9S
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