Bauni language
| Bauni | |
|---|---|
| Warapu | |
| Barupu | |
| Region | Sandaun Province, Papua New Guinea |
Native speakers | (300 cited 2000)[1] |
Skou
| |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | bpe |
| Glottolog | wara1302 |
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Bauni is a language spoken in Barupu (Warapu) village (Lua error: callParserFunction: function "#coordinates" was not found.) of West Aitape Rural LLG, Sandaun Province, Papua New Guinea.[2][3]
The alternative name Barupu or Warapu, from the name of the Bauni village, has been applied to related languages as well, and 'Warapu' may be retained as a cover term.
Phonology
[edit | edit source]Bauni has 9 consonants and 6 vowels.[4]
| Bilabial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Labial-velar | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plosive | p b | t | k | ||
| Nasal | m | n | |||
| Trill | r | ||||
| Approximant | j | w |
Consonants may undergo lenition, fortition, palatalization, or assimilation to produce a larger number of surface phonemes.
| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i | u | |
| Close-mid | e | o | |
| Open-mid | ɔ | ||
| Open | a |
Words belong to one of five tone classes: H, L, LH, HL, HLH.
Syllables have the following form: (C)(G)V(G)(N), where (G) represents a glide and (N) represents a nasal. There are no syllables that have the maximum possible form of CGVGN.
Morphology
[edit | edit source]Verbs belong to one of four classes that differ in terms of what morphology may be applied and how. Verbs are obligatorily marked for mood - either realis (/k-/) or irrealis (/n-/) - and for subject. Certain classes of verbs require objects to be marked as well.[4]
k-opu-jara-ni
REAL-2PL.M-see-1SG.F
You see me.
Lexicon
[edit | edit source]Bauni free pronouns are distinguished on the basis of person, gender, and number.[4]
| singular | dual | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st | M | něná | měpí | měmí |
| F | nění | |||
| 2nd | M | měmá | mǒpú / běvé | |
| F | mǒmú | |||
| 3rd | M | yá | yéi / rěré | |
| F | bó | |||
Syntax
[edit | edit source]Clauses in Bauni employ Agent-Patient-Verb word order. Recipients, instruments, and other oblique noun phrases typically follow the verb.[4]
Kuáni
mother
k-o-kôe
REAL-3SG.F-go.up
Mother went up.
Kuáni
mother
aka
father
k-o-yarâ-ká
REAL-3SG.F-see-3SG.M
Mother saw father.
Cha
Cha
Meniri
Meniri
bá=va
fish=PRM
k-a-r-o-a
REAL-3SG.M-3SG.M-give-3SG.M
nâkí
dog
Cha Meniri gave the dog-spirit a fish.
References
[edit | edit source]- ^ Bauni at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
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