Lachine, Quebec
Lachine | |
|---|---|
| Lachine Canal | |
| Location of Lachine on the Island of Montreal. (Grey areas indicate demerged municipalities.) Location of Lachine on the Island of Montreal. (Grey areas indicate demerged municipalities.) | |
| Coordinates: Lua error in Module:Coordinates at line 489: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value). | |
| Country |  Canada |
| Province | File:Flag of Quebec.svg Quebec |
| City | Montreal |
| Region | Montréal |
| Parish of Saints-Anges-de-la-Chine | 1676 |
| Incorporated | 1848 |
| Montreal merger | January 1, 2002 |
| Electoral Districts Federal | Dorval—Lachine—LaSalle |
| Provincial | Marquette |
| Government | |
| • Type | Borough |
| • Mayor | Maja Vodanovic (PM) |
| • Federal MP(s) | Anju Dhillon (LPC) |
| • Quebec MNA(s) | Enrico Ciccone (PLQ) |
| Area | |
| • Land | 17.75 km2 (6.85 sq mi) |
| Population | |
• Total | 44,489 |
| • Density | 2/km2 (5.2/sq mi) |
| • Change (2011-16) |  6.9% |
| • Dwellings (2006) | 19,909 |
| Time zone | UTC-5 (EST) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC-4 (EDT) |
| Postal code(s) | |
| Area codes | (514) and (438) |
| Access Routes[4] File:Quebec Autoroute 13.svg A-13 File:Quebec Autoroute 20.svg A-20 | File:Quebec Autoroute 520.svg A-520 File:Qc138.svg R-138 |
| Website | lachine. ville.montreal.qc.ca |
Lachine (French pronunciation: [laʃin]) is a borough (arrondissement) within the city of Montreal on the Island of Montreal in southwestern Quebec, Canada.
It was founded as a trading post in 1669. Developing into a parish and then an autonomous city, it was merged as a municipality into Montreal in 2002.
History
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The first seigniory, Côte-Saint-Sulpice, was granted to the explorer and fur trader René-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle in 1667, with the first French settlers arriving at the beginning of 1669. A trading post was established and then fortified under the name of Fort Rolland. This bastion became an important place for the fur trade.[citation needed]
On August 4, 1689, more than 1500 Mohawk warriors raided the small village and burned it to the ground in retaliation for the ravaging of the Seneca lands, which the governor of New France, the Marquis de Denonville, was accused of having committed. The Lachine massacre left 80 dead. [citation needed]
Lachine was incorporated as a village in 1848. It became a town in 1872 and a city in 1909.[5] In 1912, it annexed the neighbouring Town of Summerlea, itself founded in 1895.[6] It merged with the town of Saint-Pierre in 1999, and the combined municipality merged into Montreal on January 1, 2002. Lachine's logo during its municipality days is still in use today.[citation needed]
Etymology
[edit | edit source]Lachine, apparently from the French term la Chine for China, is often said to have been named in 1667, in mockery of its then owner René-Robert Cavelier de La Salle, who explored the interior of North America trying to find a passage to China. When he returned without success, he and his men were derisively named les Chinois (the Chinese). The name was adopted when the parish of Saints-Anges-de-la-Chine was created in 1676,[7] with the form "Lachine" appearing with the opening of a post office in 1829.[8]
An alternative etymology attributes the name to the famous French explorer Samuel de Champlain, who also hoped to find a passage from the Saint Lawrence River to China. According to this version, in 1618 Champlain proposed that a customs house would tax the trade goods from China passing this point, hence the name Lachine.[9]
Geography
[edit | edit source]The borough is located in the southwest portion of the island of Montreal, at the inlet of the Lachine Canal, between the borough of LaSalle and the city of Dorval. It was a separate city until the municipal mergers on January 1, 2002, and it did not demerge on January 1, 2006.[10]
The borough is bordered to the northwest by the city of Dorval, to the northeast by Saint-Laurent, to the east by Côte Saint-Luc, Montreal West and a narrow salient of Le Sud-Ouest, and to the south by LaSalle. Its western limit is the shore of Lake Saint-Louis and the Saint Lawrence River.
It has an area of 17.83 km2 (7 sq. mi.) and a population of 44,489 per the 2016 Canadian Census.
Demographics
[edit | edit source]| Year | Pop. | ±% |
|---|---|---|
| 1966 | 50,221 | — |
| 1971 | 51,220 | +2.0% |
| 1976 | 47,542 | −7.2% |
| 1981 | 42,826 | −9.9% |
| 1986 | 39,850 | −6.9% |
| 1991 | 40,233 | +1.0% |
| 1996 | 39,910 | −0.8% |
| 2001 | 40,222 | +0.8% |
| 2006 | 41,391 | +2.9% |
| 2011 | 41,616 | +0.5% |
| 2016 | 44,489 | +6.9% |
| Language | Population | Percentage (%) |
|---|---|---|
| French | 23,750 | 60% |
| English | 11,880 | 29% |
| Non-official language only | 4,555 | 11% |
| Language | Population | Percentage (%) |
|---|---|---|
| French | 23,320 | 56% |
| English | 9,700 | 24% |
| Non-official language only | 8,275 | 20% |
| Ethnicity | Population | Percentage (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Not a visible minority | 32,250 | 75.9% |
| Visible minorities | 10,255 | 24.1% |
Government
[edit | edit source]Municipal government
[edit | edit source]As of the November 7, 2021 Montreal election, the current borough council consists of the following members:
| District | Position | Name | Party | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| — | Borough mayor City councillor |
Maja Vodanovic | Projet Montréal | |
| — | City councillor | Vicki Grondin | Projet Montréal | |
| Du Canal | Borough councillor | Micheline Rouleau | Projet Montréal | |
| Fort-Rolland | Borough councillor | Michèle Flannery | Projet Montréal | |
| J.-Émery-Provost | Borough councillor | Younes Boukala | Projet Montréal |
Federal and provincial districts
[edit | edit source]The entire borough is located within the federal riding of Dorval-Lachine-LaSalle, and within the provincial electoral district of Marquette.
Infrastructure
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Autoroute 20 passes through Lachine, which is also served by the Lachine commuter train station.
Most noticeable of Lachine's features is the Lachine Canal and its recreational facilities, including the Lachine Canal National Historic Site. Around the canal's inlet, in the southern part of the borough, are located The Fur Trade at Lachine National Historic Site, René Lévesque Park (on a long peninsula extending into Lac Saint-Louis), and the Musée de Lachine, which has collections of modern outdoor sculpture both on its own grounds, in René Lévesque Park, and in other sites throughout the borough. Other historic buildings are also located near the canal's inlet.
Parks
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A memorial to Air India Flight 182 is located in Monk Island, in Lachine. It was inaugurated in 2010.[12]
Education
[edit | edit source]| [icon] | This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (December 2014) |
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Primary and secondary schools
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The Commission scolaire Marguerite-Bourgeoys operates Francophone public schools.[13]
Adult schools include:
- Centre d'éducation des adultes de LaSalle, Édifice Boileau
Professional development centres include:
- Centre de formation professionnelle de Lachine (CFP), Édifice Dalbé-Viau and Édifice de la Rive
Secondary schools include:
- École secondaire Dalbé-Viau
- Collège Saint-Louis
- College Sainte-Anne de Lachine
Primary schools include:
- École Primaire Catherine-Soumillard
- École Primaire Victor Therrien[14]
- École Primaire des Berges-de-Lachine
- École Primaire Jardin-des-Saints-Anges
- École Primaire Martin-Bélanger
- École Primaire Paul-Jarry
- École Primaire Philippe-Morin
- École Primaire Très-Saint-Sacrement
The Lester B. Pearson School Board (LBPSB) operates Anglophone public schools.
- Lakeside Academy (a merger of Lachine High School and Bishop Whelan High School)
- Maple Grove Elementary School in Lachine, a merger of the Meadowbrook School in Lachine and the Bishop-Whelan School in Dorval, opened in August 2010[15]
- A portion is zoned to LaSalle Elementary Junior and Senior Campus in LaSalle[16]
- The Pearson Electrotechnology Centre (PEC; Centre d'électrotechnologie Pearson), a public vocational school of the LBPSB, is in Lachine.[17]
Public libraries
[edit | edit source]The Montreal Public Libraries Network operates the Saint-Pierre Branch and the Saul-Bellow Branch in Lachine.[18]
Notable residents
[edit | edit source]- Jean-Louis Besnard (dit Carignant) (1734–1791), merchant trader
- Saul Bellow (1915–2005), author
- M. Wylie Blanchet (1891-1961), travel writer, was raised in Lachine[19]: 13
- Tim Harkness (1937), baseball player for the New York Mets
- Enock Makonzo (1997), football player for the Edmonton Elks
- Victor Malarek (1948-), journalist, broadcaster, novelist, investigative reporter
- Michael E. Rose (1954–), journalist, broadcaster, novelist, playwright
- Shmuel Schecter (1915–2000), rabbi and Torah educator
See also
[edit | edit source]- Montreal Merger
- List of former cities in Quebec
- Municipal reorganization in Quebec
- Lachine Canal opened in 1825.
References
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- ^ Lachine's first city hall Archived 2020-03-23 at the Wayback Machine (click on "Read More" at bottom)
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- ^ "Memorial to victims of Air India bombing inaugurated in Lachine Archived 2014-12-09 at the Wayback Machine." CTV Montreal. Sunday December 5, 2010. Retrieved on December 7, 2014.
- ^ "ÉCOLES ET CENTRES Archived 2014-12-03 at the Wayback Machine." Commission Scolaire Marguerite-Bourgeoys. Retrieved on December 7, 2014.
- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ "Home Archived 2014-12-11 at the Wayback Machine." Maple Grove Elementary School. Retrieved on December 7, 2014.
- ^ "School Board Map Archived 2017-09-21 at the Wayback Machine." Lester B. Pearson School Board. Retrieved on September 28, 2017.
- ^ "Home Archived 2014-11-11 at the Wayback Machine." Pearson Electrotechnology Centre. Retrieved on December 7, 2014.
- ^ "Les bibliothèques par arrondissement Archived 2017-06-06 at the Wayback Machine." Montreal Public Libraries Network. Retrieved on December 7, 2014.
- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
External links
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