Rubus arcticus

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For the Swedish cultural grant, see Rubus Arcticus (grant).
Not to be confused with the 'Nectar' cultivar of Boysenberry, sometimes called nectarberry.

Rubus arcticus
File:Rubus arcticus.jpg
From "Bilder ur Nordens Flora" (1917–1926)
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Rosales
Family: Rosaceae
Genus: Rubus
Species:
R. arcticus
Binomial name
Rubus arcticus
L. 1753
Subspecies[2]
  • R. arcticus subsp. arcticus
  • R. arcticus subsp. acaulis
  • R. arcticus subsp. stellatus
Synonyms[3]
  • Cylastis arcticus (L.) Raf. ex B.D.Jacks.
  • Rubus arcticus subsp. humilis (Gladkova) Krassovsk.
  • Rubus arcticus var. humilis Gladkova
  • Rubus arcticus var. pentaphylloides Hult.
  • Manteia acaulis (Michx.) Raf.
  • Rubus acaulis Michx.
  • Manteia stellata (Sm.) Raf.
  • Rubus arcticus var. stellatus (Sm.) B.Boivin
  • Rubus stellatus Sm.

Rubus arcticus, the Arctic bramble[4] or Arctic raspberry,[5][6] Nagoonberry,[7] or nectarberry[8][9] is a species of slow-growing bramble belonging to the rose family, found in Arctic and alpine regions in the Northern Hemisphere. It has been used to create hybrid cultivated raspberries, the so-called nectar raspberries.[9]

Description

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Rubus arcticus grows most often in acidic soils rich in organic matter. It is a thornless perennial up to 30 centimetres (12 inches) tall, woody at the base, but very thin higher above the ground. Flowers are in groups of 1–3, the petals pink, red, or magenta. The fruit is deep red or dark purple, consisting of 10 to 30 drupelets.[2][10]

File:Rubus arcticus berry.jpg
Ripe Arctic raspberry

Distribution and habitat

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It grows in Alaska,[7] northern Scandinavia and Finland, Russia, Poland, Belarus, Mongolia, northeastern China, North Korea, Estonia, Lithuania, Canada, and the northern United States as far south as Oregon, Colorado, Michigan, and Maine.[11][12][13] It was historically present in Scotland, last seen in 1850.[14]

Uses

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The fruits of the Arctic raspberry are considered a delicacy and, among other uses, make jam and liqueur, or flavour tea. Carl von Linné considered the Arctic raspberry – åkerbär in Swedish[11] – a great delicacy in his Flora Lapponica (1737). It is also used in Smirnoff Ice and North, and Lignell & Piispanen's Mesimarjalikööri, and Wine fruit of Arctic RaspBerry (Central Arctic in Adub).

In the Pacific Northwest of western Canada and the northwestern US, it is sometimes called the nagoon or nagoonberry, a name derived from the Tlingit neigóon.[7] A measure of the quality of its fruit is expressed in its Russian name княженика knyazhenika, signifying the "berry of princes".[citation needed]

Culture

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Arctic raspberry is the provincial plant of the Norrbotten province of northern Sweden.[15][16][17]

See also

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References

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  3. ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value). Note that this website has been superseded by World Flora Online
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  • Error creating thumbnail: File missing Media related to Lua error in Module:Commons_link at line 62: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value). at Wikimedia Commons
  • photo of herbarium specimen at Missouri Botanical Garden, collected in Finland
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