Anyin language
| Anyin | |
|---|---|
| Anyi | |
| Native to | Côte d'Ivoire, Ghana |
| Ethnicity | Anyi |
Native speakers | 1.5 million (2017)[1] |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | Either:any – Anyinmtb – Anyin Morofo |
| Glottolog | anyi1246 |
| ELP | Lua error in Module:Endangered_Languages_Project at line 21: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value). |
Anyin, also known as Agni, Agny, and Anyi, is a Niger-Congo language spoken mainly in Côte d'Ivoire and Ghana. It is a Kwa language of the Central Tano branch, forming a dialect continuum with Baoulé, and is closely related to Nzema and Sehwi.[2] Its dialects, divided into Northern and Central dialect areas, include Sannvin, Abé, Ano, Bona, Bini, and Barabo in the Northern area and Ndenye and Juablin in the Central area. In Côte d'Ivoire, there are approximately 1.45 million native speakers of Anyin, along with 10,000 second-language users; in Ghana, there are approximately 66,400 speakers.[3]
Morofo, spoken by 300,000 in southeastern Côte d'Ivoire, is sometimes classified as a dialect of Anyin, but may also be classified as a separate language.[4]
Phonology
[edit | edit source]Consonants
[edit | edit source]| Labial | Labial-velar | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | m | n | ɲ | ŋ | |||
| Plosive/ Affricate |
voiceless | p | kp | t | c | k | |
| voiced | b | gb | d | ɟ | g | ||
| Fricative | voiceless | f | s | h | |||
| Approximant | ɥ | w | (l) | j | |||
| Trill | r | ||||||
Vowels
[edit | edit source]| Front | Back | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i | ɪ | ʊ | u |
| Mid | e | ɛ | ɔ | o |
| Open | a | |||
Of these vowels, five may be nasalized: /ĩ/, /ɪ̃/, /ã/, /ũ/, and /ʊ̃/.[5]
Tones
[edit | edit source]Anyin has two level tones, high and mid; two contour tones, high-low and low-high; and one neutral tone.[2][5] Tones are distinguished orthographically only to distinguish minimal pairs and grammatical constructions, or when two otherwise identical vowels with differing tones co-occur: cf. ⟨baá⟩ ([bàá], "child") vs. ⟨ba⟩ ([bá], "to arrive", "to come").[2]
Grammar
[edit | edit source]Pronouns
[edit | edit source]Anyin uses the following pronouns:[6]
| Person | Singular | Plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st | subject | mĩ | jɛ |
| non-subject | mĩ́ | jɛ | |
| 2nd | subject | ɛ | émɔ́ |
| non-subject | wɔ́ | ||
| 3rd | subject | ɔ | bɛ́ |
| non-subject | jí | bɛ́ | |
See also
[edit | edit source]References
[edit | edit source]- ^ Anyin at Ethnologue (22nd ed., 2019)
Anyin Morofo at Ethnologue (22nd ed., 2019)
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External links
[edit | edit source]Lua error in Module:Authority_control at line 153: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value).
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