Acanthaster
| Acanthaster | |
|---|---|
| File:Corona de espinas (Acanthaster mauritiensis), La Paz, Baja California, México, 2024-12-20, DD 59.jpg | |
| Acanthaster mauritiensis | |
| Scientific classification Edit this classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Echinodermata |
| Class: | Asteroidea |
| Order: | Valvatida |
| Family: | Acanthasteridae |
| Genus: | Acanthaster Gervais, 1841[1] |
| Species | |
|
2, See text.
| |
| Synonyms[1] | |
| |
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Acanthaster (from Ancient Greek ἄκανθα (ákantha), meaning "spine, thorn", and ἀστήρ (astḗr), meaning "star"[2]) is a bitypic genus of large and venomous starfish placed in the monotypic family, Acanthasteridae. Its two members are known as crown-of-thorns starfish. Acanthaster are native to coral reefs in Indo-Pacific region.[3]
The species in this genus are a contributor to coral reef degradation because they prey on a large amount of live coral at high density.[3][4][5]
Species
[edit | edit source]These species are listed in the World Register of Marine Species:[1]
| Image | Scientific name | Distribution |
|---|---|---|
| File:Crown of Thorns Starfish at Malapascuas Island.jpg | Acanthaster brevispinus Fisher, 1917 | western Pacific Ocean, southeast Asia |
| File:Crown of Thorns-jonhanson.jpg | Acanthaster planci (Linnaeus, 1758) | Indo-Pacific |
Some sources add Acanthaster ellisi, (Gray, 1840) in the eastern Pacific, but it is now considered as a subspecies of A. planci.[6]
Haszprunar, Vogler & Wörheide (2017)[7] suggest to split "A. planci" in :
- Acanthaster planci (Linnaeus, 1758) -- Northern Indian Ocean, always purple-blue and red
- Acanthaster mauritiensis de Loriol, 1885 -- Souther Indian Ocean
- Acanthaster solaris (Schreber, 1795) -- Pacific Ocean (max. 23 arms)
- Acanthaster benziei Wörheide, Kaltenbacher, Cowan & Haszprunar, 2022[8]—Red Sea (max. 14 arms).
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Acanthaster planci stricto sensu (Thailand).
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Lab hybrid of A. planci and A. brevispinus[9]
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Acanthaster planci "ellisi" from the Gulf of California.
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Acanthaster planci "solaris" from Fidji.
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Acanthaster planci "mauritiensis" from Baja California.
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Acanthaster benziei from Red Sea.
![Lab hybrid of A. planci and A. brevispinus[9]](/index.php/File:Acanthaster_brevispinus_hybrid.JPG){kind=link}
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References
[edit | edit source]- ^ a b c Mah, C. (2012). Acanthaster Gervais, 1841. In: Mah, C.L. (2012). World Asteroidea database. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=205212 on 2012-03-23
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- ^ Gert Wörheide, Emilie Kaltenbacher, Zara-Louise Cowan et Gerhard Haszprunar, « A new species of crown-of-thorns sea star, Acanthaster benziei sp. nov. (Valvatida: Acanthasteridae), from the Red Sea », Zootaxa, 2022
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